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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃoŋaltem | om ʃoŋalte |
| 2SG: | ʃoŋaltet | ot ʃoŋalte |
| 3SG: | ʃoŋalta | ok/ogeʃ ʃoŋalte |
| 1PL: | ʃoŋaltena | ona/ogəna ʃoŋalte |
| 2PL: | ʃoŋalteda | oda/ogəda ʃoŋalte |
| 3PL: | ʃoŋaltat | ogət ʃoŋalte |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃoŋaltəʃəm | ʃəm ʃoŋalte |
| 2SG: | ʃoŋaltəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ ʃoŋalte |
| 3SG: | ʃoŋaltəʃ | əʃ ʃoŋalte |
| 1PL: | ʃoŋaltəʃna | əʃna ʃoŋalte |
| 2PL: | ʃoŋaltəʃda | əʃda ʃoŋalte |
| 3PL: | ʃoŋaltəʃt | əʃt ʃoŋalte |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃoŋaltenam | ʃoŋalten oməl |
| 2SG: | ʃoŋaltenat | ʃoŋalten otəl |
| 3SG: | ʃoŋalten | ʃoŋalten ogəl |
| 1PL: | ʃoŋaltenːa | ʃoŋalten onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | ʃoŋaltenda | ʃoŋalten odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | ʃoŋaltenət | ʃoŋalten ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃoŋaltem əʎe | om ʃoŋalte əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃoŋaltet əʎe | ot ʃoŋalte əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃoŋalta əʎe | ok/ogeʃ ʃoŋalte əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃoŋaltena əʎe | ona/ogəna ʃoŋalte əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃoŋalteda əʎe | oda/ogəda ʃoŋalte əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃoŋaltat əʎe | ogət ʃoŋalte əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃoŋaltem ulmaʃ | om ʃoŋalte ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʃoŋaltet ulmaʃ | ot ʃoŋalte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃoŋalta ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ ʃoŋalte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʃoŋaltena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna ʃoŋalte ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʃoŋalteda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda ʃoŋalte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃoŋaltat ulmaʃ | ogət ʃoŋalte ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃoŋaltenam əʎe | ʃoŋalten oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃoŋaltenat əʎe | ʃoŋalten otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃoŋalten əʎe | ʃoŋalten ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃoŋaltenːa əʎe | ʃoŋalten onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃoŋaltenda əʎe | ʃoŋalten odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃoŋalten əʎe | ʃoŋalten ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃoŋaltenam ulmaʃ | ʃoŋalten oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʃoŋaltenat ulmaʃ | ʃoŋalten otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃoŋalten ulmaʃ | ʃoŋalten ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʃoŋaltenːa ulmaʃ | ʃoŋalten onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʃoŋaltenda ulmaʃ | ʃoŋalten odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃoŋalten ulmaʃ | ʃoŋalten ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʃoŋalte | it ʃoŋalte |
| 3SG: | ʃoŋaltəʒe | ənʒe ʃoŋalte |
| 1PL: | (ʃoŋaltena) | (ona/ogəna ʃoŋalte) |
| 2PL: | ʃoŋaltəza | ida ʃoŋalte |
| 3PL: | ʃoŋaltəʃt | ənəʃt ʃoŋalte |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃoŋaltənem | ənem ʃoŋalte |
| 2SG: | ʃoŋaltənet | ənet ʃoŋalte |
| 3SG: | ʃoŋaltəneʒe | əneʒ ʃoŋalte |
| 1PL: | ʃoŋaltənena | ənena ʃoŋalte |
| 2PL: | ʃoŋaltəneda | əneda ʃoŋalte |
| 3PL: | ʃoŋaltəneʃt | əneʃt ʃoŋalte |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃoŋaltənem əʎe | ənem ʃoŋalte əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃoŋaltənena əʎe | ənet ʃoŋalte əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃoŋaltəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ ʃoŋalte əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃoŋaltənena əʎe | ənena ʃoŋalte əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃoŋaltəneda əʎe | əneda ʃoŋalte əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃoŋaltəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt ʃoŋalte əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʃoŋaltənet ulmaʃ | ənet ʃoŋalte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃoŋaltəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ ʃoŋalte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ʃoŋaltəneda ulmaʃ | əneda ʃoŋalte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃoŋaltəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt ʃoŋalte ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ʃoŋaltaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ʃoŋaltəman |
| Active participle: | ʃoŋaltəʃe |
| Passive participle: | ʃoŋaltəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ʃoŋaltəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | ʃoŋaltədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ʃoŋalten |
| Negative gerund: | ʃoŋaltəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ʃoŋaltəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ʃoŋaltəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ʃoŋaltəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | ʃoŋaltəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | ʃoŋaltədəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||